Because and Because of

Roses

Does anybody know anything about roses? Yes, its lovely perfume and beautiful blooms is one of the best in the world. Now let me tell you more about roses. You know the rose is one of the most popular of all garden flowers because of its lovely perfume and beautiful blooms. We can divide roses into wild roses and garden roses. Wild roses usually have small flowers and have a single layer of five petals. And garden roses usually have big flowers with multiple sets of five petals in two or more layers. There are 100 species of wild roses, now over 13.000 official varieties of garden roses altogether.

Because and Because of

Because and because of are showing cause and effect. We use because and because of to express the reason of our reason or opinion.

Because is a conjunction, and it is used before a clause. For example: The air is dirty because there are a lot of industrial smokes polluting it.

Because of means as the result of. It is a preposition, and used before a noun or pronoun. For example. The earth temperature rise because of the level of carbon dioxide.

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lesson 4 A3

A.3 Notice the use of the expression do what.

STATEMENT		John	Studies	English	Every day
YES/NO QUESTION:	does	John	Study	English	Every day?
NEW			Do	what
PATTERN	What does	John	Do		Every day?

COMMENTS

Do what is a substitute for the verb and any other essential parts of the verb phrase. In the example, do what  corresponds to the verb phrase study english.

Exercise 9. Make wh-questions using the expression do what

John eats breakfast at 7 o’clock	WHAT DOES JOHN DO AT 7 O’CLOCK?
John goes to class at  o’clock	WHAT DOES JOHN DO AT 8 O’CLOCK?

1.       John has coffee at 10 o’clock

2.       John eats lunch at noon

3.       John studies in the afternoon

4.       John studies english in the library

5.       John has dinner at 6 P.M

6.       John usually watches television in the evening

7.       Mr. And Mrs. Miller have dinner at 6:30

8.       Mr. Miller usually studies in the evening

9.       Mrs. Miller often reads in the evening

10.   Mr. And Mrs. Miller sometimes visit friends in the evening

(continue, using the PAST tense)

11.   They visited friends yesterday

12.   They talked

13.   They played cards after dinner

14.   They watched television at nine 0’clock

 Taken from: English sentence structure by Robert Khrohn

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Lesson 4 (exercise 4-6)

Exercise 4. Practice the use of when in questions. Listen to the information about Paul. Ask a corresponding question about John.

Paul arrived in June	WHEN DID JOHN ARRIVE?
Paul studied a year ago	WHEN DID JOHN STUDY?
Paul telephoned yesterday	WHEN DID JOHN TELEPHONE?

1.       Paul studied a month ago

2.       Paul telephoned yesterday

3.       Paul studied a year ago

4.       Paul arrived yesterday

5.       Paul called two hours ago

6.       Paul arrived a year ago

7.       Paul practiced a year ago

8.       Paul telephoned at 8 o’clock

9.       Paul returned a week ago

10.   Paul worked yesterday

11.   Paul called on Wednesday

12.   Paul practiced in the morning

Exercise 5. Practice the use of where in questions. Listen to the information about Paul. Ask a corresponding question about John and Mary.

Paul lives in New York	WHERE DO JOHN AND MARY LIVE?
Paul studies in the library	WHERE DO JOHN AND MARY STUDY?

1.       Paul eats dinner at a restaurant

2.       Paul lives on Main street

3.       Paul plays tennis in the park

4.       Paul reads books in the library

5.       Paul studies at home

6.       Paul has coffe at a restaurant

7.       Paul practices in class

8.       Paul learns new words in class

9.       Paul lives in New York

10.   He usually reads in the library

11.   He usually eats lunch at a restaurant

Exercise 6. Change the statement into a question beginning with the word who.

The teacher knows john	WHO DOES THE TEACHER KNOW?
Mary visited her father	WHO DID MARY VISIT?

1.       Mary telephoned Paul

2.       Mary assisted the new student

3.       John called Paul

4.       John visited Mr. Miller

5.       The teacher asked Mary

6.       The teacher knows Mary

7.       John sees Mary

8.       The students see the teacher

9.       The students hear the teacher

10.   The students understand the teacher

                                                                         Taken from: English sentence structure by Robert Khrohn

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Lesson 2 (part B3)

B.3 Notice the position of always in questions

STATEMENT		john	Always	Studies	At night
		john	Always	Studies	At night
QUESTIONS	does	john	Always	Study	At night?
STATEMENT		Mary	is	Always	Busy
		Mary	is	Always	Busy
QUESTIONS	is	Mary		Always	Busy

COMMENT

Adverbs like always come before the main verb (study, arrive, etc) in questions as well as in statements. With forms of be (am, are, is) the adverb of frequency remains with the rest of the predicate when the verb is put before the subject to make a question.

Exercise 12. Change the teacher’s statement into a question. The next student will answer the question.

The teacher is usually busy                                      STUDENT A: IS THE TEACHER USUALLY BUSY?

                                                                                            STUDENT B: YES, HE IS

You Are Often Busy                                                    STUDENT B: ARE YOU OFTEN BUSY?

                                                                                            STUDENT C: YES, I AM OR NO, I AM NOT

1.       You are sometimes tired

2.       You are sometimes hungry

3.       You always eat breakfast in the morning

4.       The windows are always open

5.       The teacher is usually in the room

6.       You usually have coffee for breakfast

7.       You usually eat lunch at noon

8.       The door is sometimes open

9.       The windows are often closed

10.   You sometimes read at night

11.   You usually understand the lessons

12.   Pencils are usually light

13.   Shoes are always white

14.   Shirts are often white.

Taken from: English sentence structure by Robert Krohn 

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Lesson 2 (part A3)

A.3 Compare the use of do and does in questions.

STATEMENT	he works in the morning
QUESTION	does he work in the morning?
STATEMENT	they work every day
QUESTION	do they work every day?

Additional examples

Do I speak well?

Do you read Spanish?

Do we begin in the morning?

Exercise 4. Change the teacher’s statement into a question. Use do or does.

John and mary study English                             DO JOHN AND MARY STUDY ENGLISH?

John studies in the morning                              DOES JOHN STUDY IN THE MORNING?

1.       John and mary have coffee at10 o’clock

2.       Mrs. Allen has coffee at 11 o’clock.

3.       The students understand English.

4.       They practice every day.

5.       John has a coke in the afternoon.

6.       He studies at night.

7.       The students study here.

8.       They understand the lessons.

9.       John has a book.

10.   John and mary speak English.

Taken from : English sentence structure by Robert Krohn

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