Starting A Conversation

You can use the expressions to start a conversation on

phone.

• Hello. This is ....

• Hello. ... speaking.

• Can I speak to ....

• May I speak to ....

You can use the expressions to extend a conversation

on phone.

• Hold on, please.

• By the way.

• Furthermore, ....

• Moreover, ....

You can use the expressions to end a conversation.

• See you then. Bye.

• I’ll call you later.

• All right. See you again, Sir/Ma’am. Thank you very

much.

Example:

Ika                   : Hello

Yeyen              : Hello, Mia. This is Diane. May I speak to Andre, Please?

Mia                  : I’m sorry but he’s gone out. Would you like to leave a message?

Yeyen              : Yes. Please tell Viktor that I won’t be able to come for taekwondo practice this afternoon. I’ve sprained my ankle. Please tell him to inform Mr Suroso that I can’t have the practice for at least a week.

Mia                  : Oh, I’m sorry to hear that. I hope your ankle gets better soon.

Yeyen              : Thank you, Mia.

Mia                  : Hold on, please. Have you seen a doctor?

Yeyen              : I haven’t. I don’t think it’s that bad.

Mia                  : I think you’d better go to the doctor to check your ankle.

Yeyen              : Thanks for the advice, Mia. See you then. Bye.

Mia                  : You’re welcome. Bye.

Taken from: English in Focus Grade VIII

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Because and Because of

Roses

Does anybody know anything about roses? Yes, its lovely perfume and beautiful blooms is one of the best in the world. Now let me tell you more about roses. You know the rose is one of the most popular of all garden flowers because of its lovely perfume and beautiful blooms. We can divide roses into wild roses and garden roses. Wild roses usually have small flowers and have a single layer of five petals. And garden roses usually have big flowers with multiple sets of five petals in two or more layers. There are 100 species of wild roses, now over 13.000 official varieties of garden roses altogether.

Because and Because of

Because and because of are showing cause and effect. We use because and because of to express the reason of our reason or opinion.

Because is a conjunction, and it is used before a clause. For example: The air is dirty because there are a lot of industrial smokes polluting it.

Because of means as the result of. It is a preposition, and used before a noun or pronoun. For example. The earth temperature rise because of the level of carbon dioxide.

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Asking for Items from Someone

You can use these expressions to ask for items from

someone.

• Can I have ...?

• Can you give me ...?

• May I have ...?

You can use these expressions to give items to

someone.

• Here you are.

• This is for you.

• I’d like to give you ....

• Please accept ....

You can use these expressions to reject items from

someone.

• No, thank you.

• Not for me, thanks.

• Not this time, thanks.

You can use these expressions to ask for opinions.

• What do you think ...?

• What’s your opinion ...?

• How do you feel about?

You can use these expressions to give opinions.

• I think ....

• I must say ....

• From my point of view ....

Example:

Ika  and all his classmates are going to Dufan. Ika is chatting

with his best friend, Keken.

Ika       : It’s very exciting today.

Keken  : Yes, it is. I’m having so much fun.

Ika       : Which is the most exciting game for you here?

Keken  : Well, I must say that roller coaster is the most exciting game.

Ika       : Yes, I agree. The roller coaster gave me an unforgettable experience. I think I want to ride it again.

Keken  : Yes, me too. By the way, are you chewing gum? Can I have some?

Ika       : Yes, of course. Here you are.

Keken  : Thanks.

Ika       : Do you want the new banana 􀃁 avour? It tastes good.

Keken  : Not for me, thanks. I don’t like bananas.

Taken from: English in Focus Grade VIII

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Invitation

You can use these expressions to invite someone.

• Shall we ...?

• Can you come to ....

• Would you like to come?

• I’d very much like you to come.

You can use these expressions to accept an invitation.

• Yes, certainly I will come.

• Absolutely, count me in.

• I would, very much.

• Yes, I’d like nothing better.

You can use these expressions to decline an invitation.

• I’m terribly sorry. I don’t think I can.

• I’m very sorry, I can’t.

• Thank you very much, but ....

These expressions are used to congratulate someone.

• Congratulations.

• Well done

• Fantastic

These expressions are used to compliment someone.

• That’s a nice .... (appearance)

• You’re looking good. (appearance)

• Wow. You’re very clever.

Taken from: English in Focus Grade VIII

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Lesson 2 (part A5)

A.5 Notice the use of negative short answers.

Previous pattern (lesson 1)
QUESTION		Is the book blue?
SHORT ANSWER		No, it isn’t.
New pattern
QUESTION		Does john sing well?
SHORT ANSWER		No, he doesn’t.
QUESTION		Do Mr. and Mrs. Allen sing?
SHORT ANSWER		No, they don’t.
	AFFIRMATIVE SHORT ANSWER
	Sg.		Pl.
	No, I don’t		No, we don’t
	No, you don’t		No, you don’t
	No, he doesn’t		No, they don’t

Exercise 7. Answer the teacher’s question with a negative short answer.

Does john eat lunch here?                           NO, HE DOESN’T

Do the classes begin at 6 A,M?                   NO, THEY DON’T.

1.       Does john have a tea in the morning?

2.       Do Mr. and Mrs. Miller have a tea in the morning?

3.       Does Mary have a class at noon?

4.       Does she eat lunch here?

5.       Does john have eggs and toast for breakfast?

6.       Does he have sandwich for lunch?

7.       Do classes begin at 6 A.M?

8.       Do Mr. and Mrs. Miller study at noon?

9.       Does Mr. Miller arrive at 6 A.M?

10.   Do john and Mary leave at 4 P.M?

Exercise 8. Practice both affirmative and negative answers. Answer the teacher’s questions (individually). Give a true answer.

Is the book green?                            YES, IT IS.

Do I understand English?                YES, YOU DO?

Does the Class begin at 7 A.M?    NO, IT DOESN’T.

1.       Is the door closed?

2.       Is the door open?

3.       Do you have tea for dinner?

4.       Do you like coffee?

5.       Do you speak Spanish?

6.       Does Mr. A speak Spanish?

7.       Do you drink milk in the morning?

8.       Is Mr. B in class?

9.       Do Mr. B and Mr. C speak Spanish?

10.   Are we in class?

11.   Do I live in the United States?

12.   Does Mr. E teach English?

13.   Is Miss F a teacher?

14.   Do you study in the afternoon?

Taken from: English sentence structure by Robert Krohn 

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Lesson 1 ( part A6)

A.6 Notice the negative short answers.

QUESTION		SHORT ANSWER
Is the book green?		no, it isn’t
AFFIRMATIVE SHORT ANSWERS
no, I am not		no, we aren’t
no, you aren’t.		no, you aren’t
no, he isn’t.		no, they aren’t
no, she isn’t
no, it isn’t.
COMMENT
I’m not is the contraction of I am not Isn’t is the contraction of is not Aren’t is the contraction of are not.

Exercise 11. Practice negative short answers.

Is mary doctor?         NO, SHE ISN”T

Is she a lawyer?        NO, SHE ISN’T

Are the books black?      NO, THEY AREN’T

1.    Is the key large?

2.    Is the key green?

3.    Is the teacher from England?

4.    Is the teacher a lawyer?

5.    Is the table red?

6.    Are the pencils heavy?

7.    Is mary a teacher?

8.    Is john hungry?

9.    Is john ten years old?

10.Are john and mary from England?

Exercise 12. Practice both affirmative and negative short answers. Answer the teacher’s questions (individually). Give a true answer.

Are you student?                                         YES, I AM

Are you from the United States?                  NO, I’M NOT

Are the books black?                                  NO, IT ISN’T

1. Are you from England?

2. Is the book twenty years old?

3. Are you hungry?

4. Am I from England?

5. Are you a doctor?

6. Is the door open?

7. Are you from Japan?

8. Are the students in the room?

9. Are they busy?

10.   Is the book new?

Taken fro, : English Structure Sentence by Robert Khron

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